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| Bandung |
Bandung is the largest metropolitan city in West Java at once became the capital of the province. The town is located 140 km southeast of Jakarta, and is the third largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta and Surabaya. While in Bandung Raya is the second largest metropolitan area in Indonesia after the Greater Jakarta. In this historic town, established a technical college in Indonesia (Technische Hoogeschool, now ITB), the scene of battle in time of Independence, and had been a venue for the Asian-African Conference 1955, a meeting that voiced the spirit of anti-colonialism, and even the Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru in his speech said that Bandung is the capital of Asia and Africa.
In 1990 the city became one of the safest cities in the world by Time magazine survey.
The city flower is another name for this city, and formerly known as the Parijs van Java. In addition, the city of Bandung is also known as the town shopping, with malls and factory outlets widely spread in the city. And in 2007, the British Council makes the city of Bandung as a pilot project terkreatif town as East Asia. Today, the city of Bandung is one of the main destinations of tourism and education.
Bandung is surrounded by mountains, so the morphology territory like a giant bowl, the city is geographically situated in the middle of West Java province, and located at an altitude of ± 768 m above sea level, with the highest point in the north with an altitude 1050 meters above sea level and the south is a low area with a height of 675 meters above sea level.
Bandung fed two main rivers, the River Cikapundung and Citarum River and its tributaries, which generally flows to the south and meet in the Citarum River. With such conditions, the south of Bandung is very susceptible to flooding problems.
State geological and land in the city of Bandung and its surroundings formed in the time kwartier and has alluvial soils results eruption Tangkuban Parahu. Type of material in the northern part is generally a type andosol so also in the middle and western regions, while the southern and eastern region consists of the distribution of species with gray alluvial deposits of clay material.
Climate of temporary city is affected by the humid climate of the mountains and cool, with an average temperature of 23.5 ° C, average rainfall is 200.4 mm and the number of rainy days on average 21.3 days per month.
History of Bandung
The word "Bandung" is derived from the weir or dam because terbendungnya Citarum river by the lava of Mount Tangkuban Perahu ago to form the lake. Legends told by old people in Bandung, said that the name "Bandung" is taken from a water vehicle which consists of two boats tied up alongside the so-called boat used by the Regent of Bandung Bandung, RA Wiranatakusumah II, to sail Ci Tarum in the search for the locus of a new district to replace the old capital in Dayeuhkolot.
Bandung city residential areas started to be made as from the Dutch East Indies colonial administration, through the Governor-General Herman Willem Daendels that time, issued a decision letter dated 25 September 1810 on development of infrastructure for this region. Later this event immortalized as the anniversary of Bandung.
Bandung officially received the status of gemeente (city) from the Governor-General JB van Heutsz on 1 April 1906 with an area of about 900 ha at that time, and increased to 8,000 ha in 1949, until the last increase to the current area.
During the war of independence, on March 24, 1946, part of this city in the fuel by the freedom fighters as part of war strategy at that time. This event is known as the Bandung Ocean of Fire and immortalized in the song Halo-Halo Bandung. In addition, the city was later abandoned by most of its citizens who fled to other areas.
On April 18, 1955 in Gedung Merdeka formerly named "Concordia" (Jl. Asia Africa, current), opposite the Hotel Savoy Homann, held for the first time Asian-African Conference which then returned the Asia-African Summit 2005 held in this city on 19 April-24 April 2005.
Bandung is the most populous city in West Java, where the population is dominated by ethnic Sundanese, Javanese, while the largest minority population in this city compared to other ethnic groups.
Increased population of Bandung was originally closely associated with existing transportation Trains are built around 1880 that connects this city with Jakarta (formerly Batavia). [10] In 1941, there were 226,877 people of this town and then after the event, known as Siliwangi Long March, the city population increased again in 1950 which recorded a population of 644,475 inhabitants.
Health Facility Bandung
As the provincial capital of West Java, Bandung city has a health service facility is the most complete in the province. Until 2007, the city of Bandung has had 30 units 70 units of hospitals and health centers spread across the city, [19] in which the 17 units of which the hospital already has 4 basic health services while the rest is a special hospital. Basic health services include specialist surgical services, specialist services in internal medicine, pediatric care and obstetrics and gynecology specialist services.
From the number of medical personnel who are listed on the city of Bandung, compared with the population in 2007 was 86 medics to serve 100,000 people.
Bandung City has an airport named Husein Sastranegara Airport to connect the city with several other cities in Indonesia such as Surabaya, Denpasar, Manado, Yogyakarta, Batam and Medan. As for overseas routes such as Malaysia and Singapore.
Economy Bandung
At first the surrounding city is traditionally an agricultural region, but along with the rate of urbanization of agricultural land made into residential areas and then developed into industrial estates and business, in accordance with the transformation of the city's economy generally. Trade and services sector currently plays an important role will be this city's economic growth in addition to continued development of the industrial sector. Based on Socio-Economic Survey Area (Suseda) 2006, 35.92% of the total labor force is absorbed by the urban population in the trade sector, 28.16% in the service sector and 15.92% in the industrial sector. While the agriculture sector absorbs only 0.82%, while the rest of 19:18% in the transport sector, construction, finance and other woods.
In the first quarter of 2010, the city of Bandung and most other cities in West Java increased annual inflation rate compared with the previous quarter. As the drivers of inflation can be influenced by monetary policy, in the form of demand-supply interaction and inflation expectations of society. Although the overall rate of inflation in the city of Bandung is still relatively under control. This is mainly due to deflation in the clothing group, ie reduction in the price of gold jewelry. In contrast, inflation in Bandung experienced pressures from transportation group, which is triggered by non-subsidized fuel prices are influenced by oil prices in international markets.
Meanwhile, the Local Revenue (PAD) still dominated city of local tax revenue and levies, while the results of the company's wealth management area or the area is still not in accordance with the realization.
Bandung Tourism and Culture
Since the opening of all all Padaleunyi Toll Road, the city of Bandung has changed from the main purpose of enjoying the holiday weekend, especially from people coming from Surrounding Jakarta. In Addition to being a tourist town shopping, the city of Bandung is Also known by a large number of old buildings from the Dutch architecture, Such as Gedung Sate office now serves as the West Java provincial government, the which is now Pakuan House official residence of The governor of West Java province, Gedung Dwi Color or Indische Pensioenfonds now Used by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia for the Regional Office of Directorate General XII Pembendaharaan Bandung [35], Villa Isola is now Used Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung Station Hall or the Station and Post Office Building in Bandung.
Bandung Also has Some public spaces like Art Museums, Theaters and galleries Including Freedom House, the venue for the Conference of Asia-Africa Summit in 1955, Sri Baduga Museum, Founded in 1974 by former Kawedanan Tegallega old buildings, the Museum of Geology of Bandung, Mandala Museum Wangsit Siliwangi, Barli Museum, Cultural Center Foundation Building, Building Indonesia Menggugat formerly a place of Ir. The court was delivering a phenomenal Sukarno (Indonesia Menggugat) in the Dutch colonial period, West Java Cultural Park (TBJB) and Rumentang Noon.
The city has areas installments That Became a city park, in Addition to functioning as the lungs of the city Also Became a place of recreation for the people in this city. Bandung Zoo is one of the tourist area of That Is Very Interested in the community especially During the day or week of school holidays, the zoo was inaugurated in 1933 by the Dutch East Indies colonial government and now managed by Castle Wildlife Foundation. In Addition, other installments Including tourist areas shopping malls and factory outlets are scattered in this city Also Among others, in the area of Jalan Braga, Cihampelas region, with craftsmen and Cigondewah Cibaduyut shoes with textile merchant. Dozens of shopping malls have spread in the city of Bandung, Some of the which Istana Plaza Bandung, Bandung Supermall, Cihampelas Walk, Paris Van Java Mall, and the Bandung Indah Plaza.
While Some traditional market area is Quite famous in this city Including New Market, Market and Market Gedebage Andir. Potential Culinary particularly tutug oncom, pancakes, Pepes, and colenak Also been growing in this city. Also Cireng Also Bandung has changed from the typical dishes, while similar Peuyeum tapai made from fermented cassava, Also widely known by people on the island of Java.
Bandung Also known as the city filled with memories of the history of the struggle of the Indonesian people in general, have been established Monuments installments in installments events commemorating this history, Including the Monument of West Java, Bandung Ocean of Fire Monument, Monument Banceuy Jail , Railway Monument and Cemetery Heroes Cikutra.
Subdistricts
Bandung is divided into 30 subdistrict:
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